American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

What common adverse effects are associated with carbamazepine?

1. Rash and itching

2. Dizziness and drowsiness

3. Weight gain

4. Visual disturbances

The correct answer is: Dizziness and drowsiness

Carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant medication primarily used in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder, as well as in the management of neuropathic pain. One common adverse effect associated with carbamazepine is dizziness and drowsiness. This occurs because carbamazepine works by stabilizing the inactivated state of sodium channels, which can lead to central nervous system effects. As a result, many patients may experience sedation, reduced alertness, and balance issues, particularly when initiating therapy or adjusting doses. While other adverse effects such as rash, weight gain, and visual disturbances may occur with carbamazepine use, they are less frequently reported compared to dizziness and drowsiness. Dizziness is particularly notable as it can affect the daily functioning of patients, increasing the risk of falls and complicating activities that require full concentration and coordination. Understanding these common side effects can help healthcare providers monitor and support patients effectively throughout their treatment with carbamazepine.