American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Certification Practice Exam

What is a common treatment option for hallux valgus deformity?

1. Physical therapy only

2. NSAIDs and orthotic devices

3. Antibiotics

4. Increased footwear size

The correct answer is: NSAIDs and orthotic devices

Hallux valgus, commonly known as a bunion, is a deformity characterized by lateral deviation of the great toe, often leading to pain and discomfort. When considering treatment options, the approach typically aims to alleviate symptoms, manage pain, and improve functionality. In this context, the use of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) plays a significant role in reducing inflammation and pain associated with hallux valgus. These medications can help patients manage discomfort effectively, particularly during flare-ups. Additionally, orthotic devices, such as custom shoe inserts or splints, are used to provide support and proper alignment of the foot, which can relieve pressure on the affected area and help prevent the condition from worsening. The combination of these interventions addresses both symptoms and contributes to better foot mechanics. The other treatment options listed do not address the underlying issues of hallux valgus as effectively. While physical therapy may be beneficial for overall foot function and strength, it is typically not sufficient as a standalone treatment. Antibiotics are irrelevant in this context since hallux valgus is not caused by an infection. Simply increasing footwear size may provide temporary relief but would not address the biomechanical complications or prevent further progression of the deformity. Therefore, the combined use of